Penjelasan RPM

1)      Gratifikasi adalah pemberian dalam arti luas, yakni meliputi pemberian biaya tambahan (fee), uang, barang, rabat (diskon), komisi pinjaman tanpa bunga, tiket perjalanan, fasilitas penginapan, perjalanan wisata, pengobatan cuma-cuma, dan fasilitas lainnya.

Gratifikasi tersebut baik yang diterima di dalam negeri maupun di luar negeri dan yang dilakukan dengan menggunakan sarana elektronik atau tanpa sarana elektronik [1]

Walaupun batas minimum belum ada, namun ada usulan pemerintah melalui Menkominfo pada tahun 2005 bahwa pemberian dibawah Rp. 250.000,- supaya tidak dimasukkan ke dalam kelompok gratifikasi. Namun hal ini belum diputuskan dan masih dalam wacana diskusi. Dilain pihak masyarakat sebagai pelapor dan melaporkan gratifikasi di atas Rp. 250.000,- wajib dilindungi sesuai PP71/2000.

Landasan hukum tindak gratifikasi diatur dalam UU 31/1999 dan UU 20/2001 Pasal 12 dimana ancamannya adalah dipidana penjara seumur hidup atau pidana penjara paling singkat 4 tahun dan paling lama 20 tahun dan denda paling sedikit 200 juta rupiah dan paling banyak 1 miliar rupiah.

Pada UU 20/2001 setiap gratifikasi yang diperoleh pegawai negeri atau penyelenggara negara dianggap suap, namun ketentuan yang sama tidak berlaku apabila penerima melaporkan gratifikasi yang diterimanya kepada Komisi Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Korupsi (KPK) yang wajib dilakukan paling lambat 30 (tiga puluh) hari kerja terhitung sejak tanggal gratifikasi tersebut diterima.

2)      - B2B (Business to Business)

Contohnya, Anda mempunyai perusahaan kuliner yang bergerak di bidang katering. Lalu karena bisnis yang Anda punyai adalah bisnis katering yang cukup besar, jadi Anda mempunyai target pasar para perusahaan. Jadi jasa katering Anda diperuntukkan untuk perusahaan yang mempunyai karyawan cukup banyak, inilah yang disebut dengan B2B karena bisnis atau jasa Anda diperuntukkan untuk perusahaan lain.

            -B2C (Business to Consumer)

Contohnya, Anda mempunyai perusahaan kuliner yang bergerak di bidang katering. Jika bisnis katering Anda diperuntukkan untuk perorangan atau grup, itu berarti bisnis Anda business to costumer.

- C2C ( Consumer to Consumer )
C2C adalah model e-commerce yang menjamur di Indonesia saat ini. Contoh dari C2C adalah iklan baris dan toko-toko buku online dadakan (dimiliki oleh individu yang umumnya memanfaatkan layanan blog gratis seperti blogspot).
C2C terjadi seorang individu melakukan penjualan produk/jasa langsung kepada individu lainnya.
Contoh perusahaan yang menerapkan konsep C2C adalah

             ttps://www.bukalapak.com/

3.)

E-Tailing

Dalam post pertama ini saya akan membahas tentang E-Tailing. E-tailing itu sendiri sebenarnya banyak pengertiannya melalui internet, buku, atau menurut pendapat dari setiap orang tersebut. Electronic E-Tailing merupakan kependekan dari electronic retailing, yaitu pemanfaatan e-commerce untuk ekperluan membuat toko eceran. Retailing adalah suatu perantara penjualan, seorang penjual yang beroperasi antar pelanggan dan pabrikan. Electronic tailing (E-Tailing) adalah Retailing yang diselenggarakan secara on-line dengan internet.

 E-Tailing dari retail (online retail) dilakukan dibeli atau dijual dalam jumlah sedikit/eceran. Contoh yang sering kita tahu situs atau perusahaan yang menggunakan e-tailing dan itu sudah sangat tterkenal didunia adalah situs : http://www.amazon.com/ Produk yang cocok dengan E-Tailing itu sendiri seperti :

1.         Hadware atau software untuk komputer

2.         Kendaran (mobil,motor,sepeda)

3.         Pakaian

4.         Makanan

5.         Buku

6.         Dan lain-lain

Penjualan yang langsung dilakukan oleh Manufactur

Yang dilakukan dalam proses ini, kita bisa membeli secara langsung dari pabrik pembuatannya dari kejadian ini kita bisa mengetahui secara specific atau jelas dasar apa saja yang kita ingin. Proses itu sendiri juga memberikan waktu yang efektif tanpa kita harus datang ke tempatnya langsung dan bisa diakses dimana saja. Penjualan ini juga mempunyai keuntungan bagi ke2 pihak seperti: terjalinnya komunikasi antara pembeli dengan penjual. si pihak penjual mengetahui apa saja yang dibutuhkan customer, kritik atau saran karna itu termasuk hal penting juga dalam membangun sebuah perusahaan untuk lebih maju, dan berkembang agar lebih baik lagi dari sebelumnya. Contoh sebuah perusaan yang dimaksud adalah http://www.dell.com/

Contoh lain adalah( http://cineplex.com/default.aspx) situs web ini menggunakan e-tailing. Kita bisa melakukan transaksi tersebut dengan jaringan internet.

Namun disisi lain ada kelemahan dari

e-tailing adalah tentang keamanan yang lebih rentan antara pengguna pembeli dan penjualan terhadap transaksi tersebut.

Contoh : Mataharimall.com

Transaction  Brokers

Model  bisnis   yang   memberikan fasilitas   transaksi.  Disini pembeli dapat mengamati berbagai tarif dan syarat pembelian. Contoh : Bukalapak.com

Market Creator

Bisnis berbasis web yang menggunakan internet menciptakan pasar yang mendatangkan pembeli dan penjual, Contoh : Lazada.co.id

Content Provider

Penyedia informasi dan hiburan seperti surat kabar, situs olah raga,

dan sumber online lainnya

yang menawarkan berita terkini kepada pelanggan dan saran khusus tentang

bagaimana cara dan tips dan / atau penjualan informasi.,Contohnya : Pontianak Post

Service Provider Perusahaan yang menghasilkan uang dengan menjual jasa, bukan produk

Contoh :  PT.Telekomunikasi Indonesia (TELKOM)

Portal

Menawarkan paket layanan konten dan konten terpadu, e-mail berita, obrolan,

unduhan musik, video streaming, kalender, dll.

Berusaha menjadi basis pengguna rumahan.

Contoh : Google

Community Provider

Situs di mana setiap orang dengan minat, hobi, dan pengalaman umum

dapat berkumpul dan membandingkan catatan. Kaskus.co.id

Analisis Peluang Bisnis

Definition of Business and Company

?? Company; an organization that processes changes in expertise and economic resources into goods or services that are intended to satisfy the needs of buyers, and are expected to provide profits to their owners

?? Business; all activities organized by people working in the field of commerce (producers, traders, consumers and industries where the company is located) in order to improve their standards and quality of life.

Project

A temporary activity that takes place within a limited period of time with the allocation of certain resources and is intended to carry out tasks whose objectives have been clearly outlined.

The main features of the project

Have specific purpose, final product or final work
Costs, work schedules, resources, required quality criteria have been determined.
Activities are temporary
Activities are non-routine, not repetitive.
Develop a business

Creating a new company (subsidiary / SBU)

 Create a new product

Generic strategies -> main strategies -> functional strategies

Generic Strategy (Porter)

The company's strategy approach to outperform competitors in similar industries.

According to Wheelen and Hunger, three types of generic strategies: stability, expansion and retrenchment.

Stability

- no increase in products, markets and functions because in a time of increasing efficiency to improve performance and profits. Small risk because the product is in maturity

Expansion

?? Addition of products / expansion of products, markets and functions within the company. Big risk of failure.

                                retrenchment.

 Reduce the products produced, markets and functions. In a negative cash flow condition.

Bom Email,Worm,Trojan,Encypt,Decryption,Firewall,Web Defacing

Email Boom

Email Boom is a technique that is done by a hacker to attack your e-mail with billions of messages in the inbox, so that outside the capacity of the e-mail capacity.

Worm

A worm is a type of virus that enters a computer system and develops using applications that stay in memory. The worm propagates like a worm secretly in a computer system and is very difficult to detect because it is not in the form of files. But usually computers that contract this virus will feel slow when running a program because memory space is taken as by the worm.

Trojan

Trojans are a category of viruses, which works to collect data information on your computer to be sent to the trojan owner online. There are also a few crack software that can be categorized as trojans because the system works the same.

Encrypt

Encrypt or encryption is a technique used to randomize data passwords so that it is difficult for unauthorized people to access them. The technique used is usually a tool aid.

Decryption

Decryption or decryption is the opposite of encryption, serves to decrypt passwords that have been encrypted so that they can be broken down. The technique used is usually a tool.

Firewall

A firewall is a method used to protect a system on a computer or on a wider network system. The firewall functions to control the transmission of incoming / outgoing data on a computer.

Firwall can restrict / block sent from certain network addresses, exchange data between PCs and reject suspicious packages. But sometimes multiplayer games will also be blocked.

Web Defacing

Web Defacing is a hacking activity which damages or replaces the appearance of a website with another screen. This is possible because the security level of the website is low.

From its activities deface can be grouped into two types, namely:

· Index Deface, which is only replacing the main page of the website without disturbing the other webpages in one URL.



· Full page Deface, which replaces the entire appearance of a website in one URL, so that when the website is. Opened all display and access to the tab menu have changed.

Etika dan Keamanan Surat Elktronik

Etika

Etik dalam penulisan surat elektronik sama seperti pada penulisan surat biasa. Terdapat surat elektronik yang isinya bersifat formal dan ada pula yang informal. Terdapat beberapa hal penting yang harus diperhatikan dalam mengirim surat, yaitu:

·         Hindari mengirimkan surat elektronik dengan lampiran (attachment) yang terlalu besar (> 512 kB). Tidak semua server memiliki akses internet yang cepat, dan ada kemungkinan lampiran tersebut melebihi kapasitas surat elektronik penerima, sehingga akan ditolak oleh mail server penerima. Selain itu perhatikan pula bahwa beberapa penyadia surat elektronik juga menerapkan Batasan tentang jumlah, jenis, dan ukuran surat elektronik yang dapat diterima/dikirim oleh pengguna.

·         Jangan mengirim lanjut (forward) surat elektronik tanpa berpikir kegunaan bagi orang yang dituju.

·         Selalu isi kolom subject (jangan dibiarkan kosong).

·         Jangan menggunakan uruf capital pada keseluruhan ketikan isi surat dan gunakanlah kata-kata dengan santun, dan baca kembali surat yang telah anda tulis untuk menghindari kekeliruan penggunaan kata.

·         Ada kalanya sesuatu yang anda tulis akan menjadi berbeda maksud ketika dibaca oleh orang lain.

Keamanan 

Keamanan data dari surat elektronik tidaklah terjamin seratus persen, dan selalu ada kemungkinan resiko terbuka untuk umum (dapat dibaca oleh smua orang). Hal ini dikarenakan surat elektronik pada proses pengirimannya akan melawati begitu banyak server sebelum sampai ke penerima. Tidak tertutup kemungkinan ada pihak-pihak tertentu kerennya disebut hacker.

Surat elektronik dapat diamankan dengan melakukan Teknik pengacakan (enkripsi). Salah satu software enkripsi yang populer saat ini adalah PGP (Pretty Good Privacy).Dengan menggunakan PGP, Maka isi surat akan dienkripsi sehingga hanya penerima yang dapat mendekripsi dan membaca surat elektronik tersebut.

Walau demikian, program ini akan sedikit merepotkan Karena keduua pihak (pengirim dan penerima) keduanya harus memiliki progam tersebut dan pengirim juga harus memiliki kunci umum penerima, dan data rahasia dan sangat penting, maka proses yang merepotkan ini juga akan terbayarkan dengan tingkat security data yang diperoleh.

Memahami Struktur dan Kaidah Teks Drama

Drama is a form of literary work in Indonesian literature. Intrinsic drama elements are as follows.

1. People

A character is an individual or someone who is a storyteller. Figures in the drama relate to name, age, gender, physical type, position, and mental state. The characters in the drama can be classified as follows.

a. Based on their nature, figures are translated as follows.

1. The protagonist is the main character who supports the story.

2. The antagonist figure is the opponent's character.

3. Tritagonist figure is a supporting character, both for the protagonist and the antagonist

b. Based on its role, figures are classified into three.

1. The central figure is the most decisive figure-shop in the drama. The central figure is the cause of the conflict. Central figures include the protagonist and antagonist.

2. The main figure is a supporting figure or opponent of the central figure. Can also be an intermediary for central figures. In this case the tritagonist character.

3. Helper figures, namely figures who hold complementary or additional roles in the eyes of the story series. The presence of this supporting character according to the needs of the story. Not all dramas display the presence of a supporting character.

2. Declaration or Characterization

The statement is also called characterization. Characterization or characterization is a depiction of the inner nature of a character presented in the story. The character of the characters in the drama is portrayed through dialogue, expression, or the shop's behavior. The characters of the characters are represented in three dimensions (dimensional character) as follows.

a. The physical condition of the figure is depicted through age, gender, body characteristics, physical disability, prominent characteristics, ethnicity, nationality, facial features, likes, height / short, thin / fat, or like senum / sullen.

b. Psychic characters include character, passion, mentality, moral standards, temperament, ambition, psychological experience, and emotional state.

c. Sociological circumstances of figures include position, occupation, social class, race, religion, and ideology.

3. Settings or settings

Settings or places used as stories are often referred to as story settings. Three dimensional settings.

a. Place settings

The place setting is where the story in the drama takes place. Place settings cannot stand alone. Place settings are related to time and space settings.

b. Time setting

The time setting is time, time, the historical period of the story in the drama. Time settings also occur during daytime, morning, evening, or night.

c. Atmosphere settings

setting the atmosphere is an atmosphere that supports the story. Story settings can be supported by sound or lighting arrangements during drama performances.

4. Themes

Themes are the main ideas or ideas that underlie the making of a drama. The themes commonly raised in drama include issues of love, social criticism, poverty, social inequality, oppression, divinity, families that are cracked, patriotism, humanity, and life reflection.



5. Authors or Message Author

Mandate is a message conveyed by the author to the reader or audience through his work (including drama). Every reader or audience can vary in interpreting the drama's message. Mandates are subjective and general in character, while themes are straightforward, objective, and specific. The drama's mandate is always related to the theme of the drama.

6. Conflict

Conflict is conflict or problem in drama. Conflict is divided into two, external and internal conflicts.

a. External conflict is a conflict that occurs between a character and something outside himself.



b. Internal conflict is a conflict that occurs between a character and himself.

Mengidentifikasi Kaidah Kebahasaan Teks Pantun

A pantun uses Language as a medium to express the meaning to be conveyed. The linguistic structure of a rhyme is often also called a physical structure.

The physical structure includes diction, figurative language, images, and sounds consisting of rhyme and rhythm.

1. Diction

In the Big Indonesian Dictionary diction is interpreted as the right and harmonious word choice in its use to express ideas so as to obtain certain effects as expected.

2. figurative language

In pantun often found figurative language is the language used by the singer to express something in an unusual way, which indirectly expresses meaning. The figurative language referred to here is in the form of a proverb or certain expression in conveying the purpose of acting. The symbol or form of idioms is a combination of words that give rise to new meanings which are special meanings so that they cannot be interpreted in real terms. For example, figments are interpreted as meaningless, bowing means surrender, fruit means souvenirs, and so on.

3. Imagery

The next pantun building structure is an image or image produced by diction and figurative language in making pantun text. If you do an assessment it will produce an image that is created indirectly by the pantun singer. Therefore, what is described as if it can be seen (visual images), heard (auditive images), or felt (tactile images).

4. Sound

In sound, you will find rhyme and rhythm. Rima is an element of sound repetition in the rhyme while the rhythm is a regular rise and fall of sound.

Memproduksi Teks Cerita Pendek

A short story is in the form of a story written in the form of a story (narrative) that is supported by story characters (actors), events, and settings. The presence of a character with his character, events experienced by the characters, as well as the setting of the story which includes the setting of the place, atmosphere, and time. To create a good short story, there are steps that need to be considered. These steps include the following. 1. Remember the experiences of other people who have impressed on your heart to be the theme of the story. 2. Determine the actors in the short story that you will make. 3. Determine the point of view of the author in the story. You are the main actor (me), second person, or third person (he). 4. Determine the sequence of events (storyline) in the short stories that you make. The sequence of events begins with the introduction of the story, the appearance of problems, the emergence of a conflict, the heightening of the conflict, and the settlement. 5. Determine the setting (setting) in your short story. The short story includes the setting of the atmosphere, time and place. 6. Make an outline of the story first. 7. Develop your story outline into a short story that is worth reading. Use appropriate and communicative sentences.